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[Diabetic neuropathy--a clinical review].
Kjersti Nøkleby1, Tore Julsrud Berg
1Geriatrisk avdeling, Ullevål universitetssykehus.
Summary
Diabetic neuropathy, a common diabetes complication, presents as reversible or chronic forms. Early screening and tight glycemic control are key to preventing painful symptoms and severe outcomes like foot ulcers.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Endocrinology
- Diabetology
Context:
- Diabetic neuropathy is a frequent complication of diabetes, often underdiagnosed.
- It impacts patient quality of life through pain and risk of severe foot complications.
Purpose:
- To review the classification, prevalence, pathogenesis, and management of diabetic neuropathies.
- To emphasize the importance of early screening and glycemic control.
Summary:
- Diabetic neuropathies are classified as reversible or chronic, with distal symmetric polyneuropathy being the most common chronic form.
- Prevalence is 20-30% and increases with disease duration and poor glycemic control.
- Pathogenesis is unclear but involves metabolic factors and nerve ischemia.
- Yearly screening with a simple instrument is recommended.
- Tight glycemic control and medications like tricyclic antidepressants, gabapentin, or tramadol are crucial for management.
Impact:
- Highlights the need for proactive screening and management of diabetic neuropathy.
- Provides insights into current understanding and treatment options for this common diabetes complication.