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Related Experiment Videos

Spatially resolved emulsion droplet sizing using inverse Abel transforms.

K G Hollingsworth1, M L Johns

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge CB2 3RA, UK.

Journal of Magnetic Resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997)
|June 28, 2005
PubMed
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This study introduces a fast, spatially resolved pulsed field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance (PFG-NMR) method for measuring emulsion droplet size. The technique allows for detailed droplet-size analysis within specific regions, including flowing systems.

Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Pulsed field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance (PFG-NMR) is a standard technique for determining emulsion droplet-size distributions by measuring restricted self-diffusion.
  • Traditional PFG-NMR measurements provide an average droplet size distribution over a given sample volume, lacking spatial resolution.
  • There is a need for methods that can spatially resolve droplet-size distributions within emulsions, particularly in complex geometries or dynamic systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and demonstrate a rapid, spatially resolved method for measuring emulsion droplet-size distributions using PFG-NMR.
  • To enable droplet-size analysis as a function of radius in cylindrical geometries and pipes.
  • To adapt the technique for analyzing flowing emulsions with potential for on-line applications.

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Main Methods:

  • Utilized pulsed field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance (PFG-NMR) with a focus on restricted self-diffusion measurements.
  • Implemented an Abel transform to achieve spatial resolution of diffusion measurements.
  • Modified the PFG-NMR pulse sequence with flow-compensating magnetic field gradients for analyzing moving emulsions.

Main Results:

  • Successfully demonstrated a rapid method for spatially resolved, restricted diffusion measurements in emulsions.
  • The technique enabled spatially resolved emulsion droplet sizing as a function of radius in cylindrical geometries.
  • Validated the method in annular systems containing multiple emulsions and pure fluids, and in flowing emulsions.

Conclusions:

  • The developed Abel-transformed PFG-NMR technique provides rapid, spatially resolved droplet-size distribution analysis in emulsions.
  • This method overcomes the limitations of traditional spatially averaged measurements.
  • The ability to analyze flowing emulsions offers significant potential for real-time, in-situ process monitoring and control.