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Related Experiment Videos

Chickenpox in pregnancy: revisited.

Michael Paul Tan1, Gideon Koren

  • 1The Motherisk Program, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Ont., Canada.

Reproductive Toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.)
|June 28, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Chickenpox in pregnancy poses risks like congenital varicella syndrome and life-threatening pneumonia. Prompt Varicella-zoster immune globulin (VZIG) and acyclovir are crucial for prevention and treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Varicella infection during pregnancy presents significant risks to both mother and fetus.
  • Congenital varicella syndrome can occur with first and second-trimester infections.
  • Third-trimester varicella may lead to severe maternal pneumonia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the risks and management of varicella infection in pregnancy.
  • To highlight the importance of timely intervention with Varicella-zoster immune globulin (VZIG).
  • To discuss treatment options for maternal and neonatal varicella.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of varicella infection in pregnancy.
  • Analysis of risks associated with different trimesters of gestation.

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  • Evaluation of prophylactic and therapeutic interventions.

    • Main Results:

    • First and second-trimester varicella increases congenital varicella syndrome risk by 0.5-1.5%.
    • Third-trimester infection can cause life-threatening maternal pneumonia.
    • Varicella-zoster immune globulin (VZIG) is recommended within 96 hours of exposure.
    • Neonatal varicella is severe if maternal rash occurs near delivery; immediate VZIG and IV acyclovir are indicated.
    • Acyclovir is recommended for maternal pneumonia and severe neonatal cases.

    Conclusions:

    • Early administration of VZIG is critical for preventing maternal and neonatal complications.
    • Prompt treatment with intravenous acyclovir is essential for severe maternal and neonatal varicella.
    • While vaccination is expected to reduce incidence, vigilant management remains crucial.