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Updated: Aug 17, 2026

Stenosis of the Inferior Vena Cava: A Murine Model of Deep Vein Thrombosis
05:37

Stenosis of the Inferior Vena Cava: A Murine Model of Deep Vein Thrombosis

Published on: December 22, 2017

Deep venous thrombosis in a child associated with an abnormal inferior vena cava

G Sakellaris1, S Tilemis, O Papakonstantinou

  • 1Clinic of Paediatric Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Greece. gsakell@hol.gr

Acta Paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)
|June 29, 2005
PubMed

Insights

Congenital inferior vena cava (IVC) anomalies are rare. A hypoplastic IVC was identified in a pediatric deep venous thrombosis case, suggesting IVC anomalies should be considered in young patients with unexplained DVT.

Area of Science:

  • Vascular Surgery
  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Congenital anomalies of the inferior vena cava (IVC), including absence or atresia, are uncommon developmental abnormalities.
  • These IVC anomalies are often asymptomatic and discovered incidentally.
  • Concurrent cardiovascular abnormalities are frequently associated with IVC anomalies.

Observation:

  • A 10-year-old boy presented with bilateral lower limb swelling and diagnosed deep venous thrombosis (DVT) extending to the IVC.
  • Doppler ultrasound revealed extensive thrombosis in the iliac and femoral veins.
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated a hypoplastic inferior vena cava.

Findings:

  • The patient's blood coagulation studies, including antiphospholipid antibodies, proteins C and S, and antithrombin III levels, were within normal limits.
  • The hypoplastic IVC was identified as the likely underlying cause of the bilateral DVT in this pediatric patient.
  • The patient was treated with anticoagulation therapy, including initial heparin and long-term warfarin.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the importance of considering congenital IVC anomalies in the differential diagnosis of pediatric deep venous thrombosis.
  • Early identification and management of IVC abnormalities are crucial for preventing recurrent thromboembolic events.
  • Further research into the embryogenesis and clinical management of IVC anomalies associated with DVT is warranted.

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