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[Nutritional support in burnt patients].

T Grau Carmona1, M D Rincón Ferrari, D García Labajo

  • 1Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre. Madrid.

Nutricion Hospitalaria
|June 29, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Thermal injury causes a significant hypermetabolic response in critically ill patients. Early enteral nutrition with increased calories, protein, and specific supplements like arginine, glutamine, vitamins A and C, and zinc is crucial for recovery.

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[Guidelines for specialized nutritional and metabolic support in the critically-ill patient. Update. Consensus of the Spanish Society of Intensive Care Medicine and Coronary Units-Spanish Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (SEMICYUC-SENPE): respiratory failure].

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Area of Science:

  • Metabolic response to injury
  • Nutritional support in critical care

Context:

  • Thermal injury induces a severe hypermetabolic state, one of the highest observed in critically ill patients.
  • Accurate measurement of energy expenditure via indirect calorimetry is essential for burn patients.
  • When indirect calorimetry is unavailable, established formulas can estimate energy needs.

Purpose:

  • To outline optimal nutritional strategies for patients with thermal injuries.
  • To emphasize the importance of early and enteral nutrition.
  • To provide guidance on caloric, protein, and micronutrient intake.

Summary:

  • Nutritional therapy should be initiated early, preferably enterally.
  • Caloric intake should exceed recommendations for other critically ill patients but not surpass 200% of basal energy expenditure.
  • A hyperproteic diet is recommended, along with specific nutrients like arginine, glutamine, vitamin A, vitamin C, and zinc to support wound healing.

Impact:

  • Optimized nutritional management can significantly improve outcomes for burn patients.
  • This guidance aids clinicians in providing evidence-based nutritional support.
  • Adequate nutrition is vital for mitigating hypermetabolism and promoting recovery from thermal injury.

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