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Related Experiment Videos

Atypical shoulder muscle activation in multidirectional instability.

J M Barden1, R Balyk, V J Raso

  • 1Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Canada. john.barden@uregina.ca

Clinical Neurophysiology : Official Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology
|June 29, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Multidirectional instability (MDI) in the shoulder is linked to unusual muscle activity patterns, particularly in the rotator cuff and pectoralis major, even during controlled movements.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Neuroscience
  • Orthopedics

Background:

  • Multidirectional instability (MDI) is a common shoulder condition.
  • Understanding shoulder muscle activation is crucial for MDI diagnosis and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate shoulder muscle activity in individuals with MDI using electromyography.
  • To compare muscle activation patterns between MDI patients and healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • Electromyography (surface and intramuscular) recorded activity of key shoulder muscles.
  • Subjects performed standardized shoulder movements (abduction/adduction, flexion/extension, internal/external rotation) on an isokinetic dynamometer.
  • Repeated measures ANOVA analyzed differences in muscle activation parameters (amplitude, onset, termination, duration).

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Main Results:

  • Individuals with MDI exhibited significant differences in activation parameters for supraspinatus, infraspinatus, posterior deltoid, and pectoralis major.
  • Rotator cuff and posterior deltoid showed reduced activity duration during rotation, with similar amplitudes to controls.
  • Pectoralis major activation differed in amplitude and timing during extension in MDI patients compared to controls.

Conclusions:

  • Multidirectional instability is associated with atypical shoulder muscle activation patterns, even during constrained movements.
  • Dysfunctional neuromuscular control of the rotator cuff, alongside glenohumeral hyperlaxity, likely contributes to the pathoetiology of MDI.