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Lucio's phenomenon/erythema necroticans
1Dermato-Venereology (Skin/VD) Center, Sehgal Nursing Home, Delhi, India. drsehgal@ndf.vsnl.net.in
International Journal of Dermatology
|June 30, 2005
Summary
Lucio's phenomenon, a rare leprosy complication, causes painful skin ulcers without systemic symptoms. Its exact cause is unknown but may involve complement activation pathways.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Infectious Diseases
- Pathology
Background:
- Lucio's phenomenon, also known as erythema necroticans, is a rare reaction in untreated pure primitive diffuse lepromatous leprosy (PPDL) or relapsing leprosy.
- Also referred to as spotted leprosy of Lucio, this condition is characterized by extensive, painful skin ulcerations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the clinical and pathological features of Lucio's phenomenon.
- To explore the potential pathogenesis of this rare leprosy reaction.
Main Methods:
- Clinical diagnosis based on characteristic skin ulcerations.
- Microscopic pathology examination revealing vascular changes and acid-fast bacilli.
- Review of existing literature on leprosy reactions and complement activation pathways.
Main Results:
- Lucio's phenomenon presents with bizarre, painful skin ulcerations.
- Histopathology shows vascular changes like thrombosis and endothelial proliferation in dermal blood vessels.
- Acid-fast bacilli are found within the walls of affected blood vessels.
Conclusions:
- Lucio's phenomenon is an uncommon but distinct reaction pattern in specific types of leprosy.
- Pathogenesis is not fully understood but may involve complement system activation.
- Further research is needed to elucidate the precise mechanisms driving this condition.