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Increased temporal lobe gyrification in preterm children.

Shelli R Kesler1, Betty Vohr, Karen C Schneider

  • 1Stanford Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5719, USA. skesler@stanford.edu

Neuropsychologia
|June 30, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Preterm birth can impact learning. This study found altered temporal lobe development in preterm children, linking brain changes to language and reading difficulties.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Pediatrics
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Preterm birth is linked to learning disabilities.
  • Previous MRI studies show reduced cortical tissue in preterm children, especially in the temporal lobe.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate cortical gyrification in preterm children at 8 years old.
  • To correlate gyrification findings with language abilities.
  • To understand the impact of preterm birth on neurodevelopment and functional outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to measure cortical gyrification.
  • 73 preterm children and 33 term-born controls were studied at 8 years of age.
  • Gyrification indices were correlated with language and reading test scores.

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Main Results:

  • Preterm children showed significantly increased bilateral temporal lobe gyrification compared to term controls.
  • In preterm children, left temporal gyrification negatively correlated with left temporal gray matter volume and reading recognition scores.

Conclusions:

  • Cortical development in the temporal lobe is differentially vulnerable in preterm birth.
  • Altered temporal lobe gyrification may contribute to neurodevelopmental and functional deficits in preterm individuals.