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Related Experiment Videos

Ascorbate increases human oxaluria and kidney stone risk.

Linda K Massey1, Michael Liebman, Susan A Kynast-Gales

  • 1Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA. massey@wsu.edu

The Journal of Nutrition
|July 1, 2005
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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High-dose ascorbic acid (vitamin C) supplementation may increase kidney stone risk. This study found that 2000 mg daily increased urinary oxalate and risk factors for calcium oxalate stones in 40% of participants.

Area of Science:

  • Nutrition Science
  • Nephrology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The recommended upper limit for ascorbic acid (AA) intake is 2000 mg/d.
  • Ascorbic acid is converted to oxalate and may increase oxalate absorption, potentially raising kidney stone risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of high-dose ascorbic acid supplementation on urinary oxalate levels and kidney stone risk factors.
  • To identify individuals who are more susceptible to increased oxalate excretion from AA supplementation.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized, crossover, controlled study involving 48 participants (29 stoneformers, 19 non-stoneformers).
  • Participants received either 1000 mg AA twice daily or no AA for 6 days, in random order, while on a controlled low-oxalate diet.
  • Urinary oxalate excretion and the Tiselius Risk Index (TRI) were measured.

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Main Results:

  • 1000 mg AA twice daily increased 24-h urinary oxalate and TRI in 40% of participants (responders).
  • Responders showed a 31% increase in oxalate absorption and a 39% increase in endogenous oxalate synthesis.
  • Both stoneformers and non-stoneformers could be responders.

Conclusions:

  • High-dose ascorbic acid supplementation (2000 mg/d) can increase urinary oxalate and calcium oxalate kidney stone risk in a subset of individuals.
  • Individual responses to AA supplementation vary, with some exhibiting increased oxalate production and absorption.
  • Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms and identify predictors of response.