Radiographic evaluation of teeth subjected to high temperatures: experimental study to aid identification processes

Area of Science:

• Forensic Odontology
• Radiology
• Materials Science

Background:

• Dental remains are crucial for forensic identification, especially after fire incidents.
• Radiographic analysis of teeth can provide vital identification markers.
• Understanding the thermal resistance of dental materials is essential for post-fire identification.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess the radiographic characteristics of unrestored, endodontically treated, and restored teeth after experimental heat exposure.
• To determine the temperature thresholds at which radiographic features of dental restorations and treatments are altered or lost.

Main Methods:

• Ninety human teeth were divided into unrestored (control) and endodontically treated/restored groups.
• Teeth underwent periapical radiography before and after exposure to temperatures ranging from 200°C to 1100°C in an oven.
• Radiographic changes in composite fillings, amalgam fillings, and endodontic treatments were systematically evaluated.

Main Results:

• Composite fillings maintained shape up to 600°C.
• Amalgam fillings remained intact until 1000°C.
• Endodontic treatments were recognizable even after exposure to 1100°C.

Conclusions:

• Radiographic examination is valuable for identifying dental features in fire-damaged remains.
• Specific dental materials and treatments exhibit significant thermal stability, aiding forensic identification.
• Endodontic treatments show remarkable resilience to high temperatures, offering a reliable identification marker.