Equilibrium biosorption isotherm for lead ion on chaff

Area of Science:

• Environmental Science
• Materials Science
• Chemical Engineering

Background:

• Lead ion contamination in aqueous solutions poses significant environmental and health risks.
• Developing cost-effective and sustainable adsorbents is crucial for water remediation.
• Agricultural byproducts offer a promising source for novel adsorbent materials.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the efficacy of cereal chaff as a novel adsorbent for lead ion removal from aqueous solutions.
• To determine the optimal conditions for lead ion biosorption using cereal chaff.
• To analyze the adsorption mechanism and thermodynamic characteristics of the lead ion-chaff system.

Main Methods:

• Batch biosorption experiments were conducted varying parameters like contact time, chaff dose, and temperature.
• Adsorption data were fitted to Langmuir, Freundlich, Koble-Corrigan, and Temkin isotherm models.
• Thermodynamic parameters (DeltaG(0), DeltaH(0), DeltaS(0)) were calculated using equilibrium coefficients at different temperatures.

Main Results:

• Cereal chaff demonstrated significant lead ion removal capabilities.
• The Langmuir and Koble-Corrigan isotherm models best described the biosorption data.
• The maximum biosorption capacity was determined to be 12.5 mg/g at 293 K.
• The adsorption process was found to be spontaneous and exothermic.

Conclusions:

• Cereal chaff is a viable and sustainable adsorbent for lead ion removal.
• Increased temperature negatively impacts lead ion adsorption capacity.
• The study provides valuable insights into the application of agricultural waste for environmental remediation.