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White matter abnormalities in obsessive-compulsive disorder: a diffusion tensor imaging study.

Philip R Szeszko1, Babak A Ardekani, Manzar Ashtari

  • 1Department of Psychiatry Research, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, North Shore-Long Island Jewish Health System, Glen Oaks, NY 11004, USA. szeszko@lij.edu

Archives of General Psychiatry
|July 6, 2005
PubMed
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Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is linked to reduced white matter integrity in the anterior cingulate gyrus. Diffusion tensor imaging revealed lower fractional anisotropy (FA) in OCD patients, suggesting impaired brain connectivity.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Neurobiological models suggest anterior cingulate gyrus dysfunction in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).
  • Previous studies highlighted gray matter abnormalities in OCD, but white matter integrity remains under-investigated.
  • The anterior cingulate gyrus plays a crucial role in cognitive and emotional regulation relevant to OCD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate white matter microstructure differences in the anterior cingulate gyrus of OCD patients compared to healthy controls using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).
  • To explore potential group differences in white matter integrity across the entire brain in individuals with OCD.
  • To correlate white matter integrity measures with OCD symptom severity.

Main Methods:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and structural MRI were performed on 15 OCD patients and 15 matched healthy volunteers.
  • Voxel-wise comparison of fractional anisotropy (FA), a measure of white matter integrity, was conducted in the anterior cingulate white matter.
  • The Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) was used to assess symptom severity.

    • Main Results:

    • Patients with OCD showed significantly lower FA in bilateral anterior cingulate white matter compared to healthy controls.
    • Reduced FA was also observed in the parietal region (supramarginal gyri), right posterior cingulate gyrus, and left occipital lobe (lingual gyrus) in OCD patients.
    • Lower FA in the parietal region correlated significantly with higher Y-BOCS scores, indicating a link between white matter integrity and symptom severity.

    Conclusions:

    • Preliminary findings support the hypothesis of anterior cingulate white matter abnormalities in OCD pathogenesis.
    • These results align with neurobiological models implicating disrupted connectivity in the anterior cingulate-basal ganglia-thalamocortical circuit in OCD.
    • The study suggests that white matter abnormalities in various brain regions may contribute to the neurobiology of OCD.