[Drug use during in-hospital birth delivery stay]

Drug use in birth delivery has not been enough explored in the literature. It is a significant issue to be discussed on the theme of rational drug use. The objective was to study drug use during birth delivery stay in maternity hospitals.

A cross-sectional study was carried out using medical records of two private and public maternity hospitals of Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Data were collected on pregnant women's identification, pregnancy, delivery and drug prescribed from medical records of public hospitals and medical records and billing invoice of private maternity hospitals. Statistical analysis was conducted using odds ratio by the Chi-square test and means by t-Student test.

Mean in-hospital stay was 2.2 days and it was lower in the private maternity hospital. Cesarean sections were performed in 52.7% of all births, 31.3% in the public hospital and 64.5% in the private hospital. Peridural anesthesia was used in 72.8% of births and local anesthesia in 22.4% (25.3% and 63.7% of births in the public and 98.2% and 0.4% in the private hospital). All women received drugs (minimum of 3 and maximum of 19 different drugs) during their hospital stay. Eighty-three medications (97 active ingredients) were utilized at a total frequency of 3,429. The higher average drug use was 8.5 drugs per woman, in the private maternity hospital.

There was a significant difference in drug use between the two maternity hospitals, being it higher in pre- and during birth delivery procedures. The results suggest a preeminent drug use compared to those of other few studies available in the literature. The disproportionate number of cesarean sections and anesthesia explain the differences observed.