Adsorption-desorption dynamics of cyprodinil and fludioxonil in vineyard soils

Cyprodinil and fludioxonil are new-generation fungicides that are employed to protect grapevines from botrytis and various rots. In this work, their adsorption and desorption dynamics in eight vineyard soils from Galicia (northwestern Spain) were examined in batch and column experiments. Both fungicides exhibited linear adsorption isotherms, with more ready adsorption (greater Kd) of fludioxonil. Kd values for cyprodinil were significantly correlated with soil organic matter content (r 2= 0.675, p < 0.01). Both pesticides exhibited adsorption-desorption hysteresis, but desorption was easier and more variable for cyprodinil (12-21%, RSD = 17%) than for fludioxonil (3-5%, RSD = 13%) and appeared to depend on the formation of irreversible bonds in the former case and on poor solubility in the latter. A linear adsorption model involving nonequilibrium conditions and an irreversible adsorption term was found to reproduce transport behavior accurately.