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Related Experiment Videos

The cyclophilins.

Ping Wang1, Joseph Heitman

  • 1The Research Institute for Children, Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA. pwang@lsuhsc.edu

Genome Biology
|July 7, 2005
PubMed
Summary
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Cyclophilins are essential immunophilins with peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity found across all life. Cyclophilin A, a key human cyclophilin, mediates cyclosporin A

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
  • Enzymology

Background:

  • Cyclophilins are a class of proteins exhibiting peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity, broadly classified as immunophilins.
  • They are ubiquitously expressed in prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms, with varying numbers identified in species like humans (16), Arabidopsis (29), and Saccharomyces (8).
  • Cyclophilin A is recognized as the primary cellular target for the immunosuppressive drug cyclosporin A.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the enzymatic activity and biological roles of cyclophilins.
  • To detail the mechanism of action for cyclophilin A in relation to cyclosporin A and calcineurin.
  • To explore emerging functions of cyclophilins beyond their isomerase activity.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on cyclophilins.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of protein interactions and complex formation.
  • Investigation of cellular signaling pathways involving cyclophilins.

    • Main Results:

    • Cyclophilins catalyze peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerization, a critical step in protein folding.
    • Cyclophilin A forms a ternary complex with cyclosporin A and calcineurin, inhibiting calcineurin's phosphatase activity and subsequent cytokine gene transcription.
    • Emerging evidence suggests cyclophilins also function as molecular chaperones and play roles in cellular signaling.

    Conclusions:

    • Cyclophilins are vital enzymes with conserved functions across species.
    • Cyclophilin A's interaction with cyclosporin A and calcineurin is a key mechanism in immunosuppression.
    • The diverse cellular roles of cyclophilins, including chaperone and signaling functions, warrant further investigation.