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Tissue microarrays: bridging the gap between research and the clinic
Till Braunschweig1, Joon-Yong Chung, Stephen M Hewitt
1Tissue Array Research Program, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-4605, USA. braunsct@mail.nih.gov
Expert Review of Proteomics
|July 8, 2005
Summary
Tissue microarrays enable high-throughput biomarker investigation across numerous samples. This powerful technique aids preclinical and clinical research, accelerating the discovery of diagnostic and prognostic molecules.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical research
- Pathology
- Molecular biology
Background:
- Tissue microarrays (TMAs) offer a high-throughput method for analyzing multiple tissue specimens simultaneously.
- This technique facilitates the investigation of biomarkers using methods like immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization.
- TMAs are increasingly used for cell lines and xenografts in preclinical drug development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the utility of tissue microarrays in various research settings.
- To emphasize the role of TMAs in translational research for biomarker discovery.
- To showcase the application of TMAs in clinical trials and population-based studies.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of up to 500 tissue samples in a single experiment.
- Application of immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization on TMA slides.
- Adaptation of cell lines and xenografts into a tissue microarray format.
Main Results:
- Facilitation of comprehensive analysis of clinical trial samples and patient populations.
- Enabling the discovery of molecules with potential roles in diagnosis.
- Identification of biomarkers for prognosis and prediction of therapy response.
Conclusions:
- Tissue microarrays are central to translational research, bridging basic science and clinical application.
- TMAs significantly enhance the efficiency of biomarker discovery and validation.
- The technique supports the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.