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Algal viruses with distinct intraspecies host specificities include identical intein elements.

Keizo Nagasaki1, Yoko Shirai, Yuji Tomaru

  • 1National Research Institute of Fisheries and Environment of Inland Sea, Fisheries Research Agency, Hiroshima, Japan.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology
|July 8, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Heterosigma akashiwo virus (HaV) inteins, found in DNA polymerase genes, suggest horizontal gene transfer between viruses and archaea. These inteins may play a role in HaV

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Heterosigma akashiwo virus (HaV) is a large double-stranded DNA virus infecting the bloom-forming alga H. akashiwo.
  • Phylogenetic analysis places HaV within a sister group to Phycodnaviridae algal viruses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence and characteristics of inteins in HaV DNA polymerase genes.
  • To explore the evolutionary origins and potential horizontal transfer of these inteins.

Main Methods:

  • Molecular phylogenetic sequence analysis of HaV DNA polymerase.
  • Comparative analysis of intein sequences across different HaV strains, mimivirus, and archaea.

Main Results:

  • All 10 examined HaV strains possessed inteins in their DNA polymerase genes, with minimal sequence variation.

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  • HaV inteins are closely related to mimivirus inteins and share a common monophyletic origin with archaeal inteins.
  • This study is the first to report inteins in viruses that infect eukaryotic algae.

    • Conclusions:

    • Inteins in HaV suggest horizontal gene transfer events between different viral families and between archaea and viruses.
    • Viruses may act as reservoirs and intermediates in the horizontal transmission of inteins.
    • The mechanism maintaining sequence identity of HaV inteins across different host specificities remains to be elucidated.