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Unparallel diversification in bacterial microcosms.

Jabus Tyerman1, Naomi Havard, Gerda Saxer

  • 1Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Boulevard, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4. tyerman@zoology.ubc.ca

Proceedings. Biological Sciences
|July 12, 2005
PubMed
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Populations of Escherichia coli evolved under similar disruptive selection pressures did not diversify in parallel ways. Subtle environmental differences significantly impacted the evolutionary outcome, challenging the predictability of adaptive speciation.

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Microbial evolution
  • Speciation

Background:

  • Adaptive speciation is a key driver of biological diversity.
  • Understanding parallel evolution requires investigating how populations respond to similar selective pressures.
  • Escherichia coli populations evolved in distinct environments provide a model system to study diversification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if Escherichia coli populations exposed to similar disruptive selection pressures diversify in parallel.
  • To investigate the role of subtle environmental differences in shaping adaptive diversification outcomes.
  • To analyze the convergence and divergence of phenotypes under different selective regimes.

Main Methods:

  • Evolving populations of Escherichia coli B in glucose and glucose-acetate environments.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Characterizing evolved phenotypes (large and small colony morphologies) based on heritability and growth.
  • Conducting competition experiments between evolved large (L) and small (S) phenotypes from different environments.

    • Main Results:

    • Populations in both environments differentiated into large (L) and small (S) colony morphotypes, maintained by negative frequency dependence.
    • L and S phenotypes from different environments showed convergent colony morphology and growth characteristics.
    • Competition experiments revealed that replicate diversified pairs from different environments did not diversify in parallel.

    Conclusions:

    • The outcome of adaptive diversification is sensitive to subtle variations in the evolutionary environment.
    • Parallel diversification is not guaranteed even under similar forms of disruptive selection.
    • This study highlights the complexity of predicting evolutionary trajectories and the generation of biodiversity.