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Related Experiment Videos

Vitamin E bioavailability in humans.

John K Lodge1

  • 1School of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK. j.lodge@surrey.ac.uk

Journal of Plant Physiology
|July 13, 2005
PubMed
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Smokers and non-smokers handle vitamin E differently. The study found the relative bioavailability of natural and synthetic vitamin E closely matches the accepted biopotency ratio, suggesting reduced plasma uptake after supplementation.

Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Science
  • Human Physiology
  • Pharmacokinetics

Background:

  • Vitamin E bioavailability is crucial, especially for smokers at risk of heart disease.
  • Controversy exists regarding the bioavailability of natural versus synthetic vitamin E.
  • Previous studies reported varying natural:synthetic vitamin E bioavailability ratios.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare plasma biokinetics of natural (RRR) and synthetic (all rac) vitamin E in smokers and non-smokers.
  • To investigate the influence of smoking on vitamin E bioavailability.
  • To clarify the relative bioavailability of natural and synthetic vitamin E using a non-competitive uptake method.

Main Methods:

  • Two 4-week treatments with 400 mg/d of either RRR or all rac-alpha-tocopheryl acetates.

Related Experiment Videos

  • A 12-week washout period between treatments.
  • 48-hour biokinetic protocols with deuterated vitamin E (RRR or all rac) before and after each treatment.

    • Main Results:

    • Smokers showed lower deuterated alpha-tocopherol AUC with RRR administration compared to non-smokers.
    • No difference in AUC was observed between smokers and non-smokers with all rac administration.
    • The RRR:all rac ratio for AUC and C(max) was 1.3:1 in non-smokers and 0.9:1 in smokers.
    • Post-supplementation, deuterated tocopherol AUCs decreased in both groups.

    Conclusions:

    • Smokers and non-smokers exhibit distinct vitamin E metabolism.
    • The relative bioavailability of natural and synthetic vitamin E approximates the established biopotency ratio of 1.36:1.
    • Plasma uptake of newly absorbed vitamin E is diminished following supplementation.