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Related Experiment Videos

Extracellular Muscle Myosin II Promotes Sensory Axon Formation.

Lee Silver1, Gianluca Gallo

  • 1Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19129, USA.

DNA and Cell Biology
|July 13, 2005
PubMed
Summary
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Extracellular myosin II (an intracellular enzyme) surprisingly promotes neuron attachment and increases axon formation and branching. This finding suggests novel roles for myosin II outside the cell, impacting neuronal development.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Myosin II is primarily known as an intracellular force-generating enzyme.
  • Its extracellular functions have not been previously established.
  • Neuronal development involves complex signaling and structural changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of extracellularly applied myosin II on embryonic sensory neurons.
  • To determine if myosin II has a role in axon initiation, extension, and branching.
  • To explore myosin II's interaction with neuronal attachment substrates like laminin.

Main Methods:

  • Trituration loading of skeletal myosin II into embryonic sensory neurons.
  • Extracellular application of myosin II to neuronal cultures.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Observation of axon initiation, extension, branching, and growth cone responses.
  • Assessment of neuronal attachment to substratum with and without laminin.

    • Main Results:

    • Extracellular myosin II significantly increased axon initiation and collateral branching.
    • Myosin II promoted neuronal attachment to the substratum, with or without laminin.
    • It attenuated the inhibitory effects of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans on axon extension.
    • Extracellular myosin II did not alter the rate of axon extension or affect growth cone collapse.

    Conclusions:

    • Extracellular myosin II plays a novel role in promoting neuronal attachment and enhancing axon formation and branching.
    • These findings challenge the traditional view of myosin II as solely intracellular.
    • The study highlights potential implications for neuronal repair and development, especially in contexts of muscle injury.