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Measuring developmental changes in alcohol expectancies.

Terry L Schell1, Steven C Martino, Phyllis L Ellickson

  • 1RAND Corporation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. terry_schell@rand.org

Psychology of Addictive Behaviors : Journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors
|July 14, 2005
PubMed
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As children mature into adolescence, their alcohol expectancies become more positive and potent. Older students perceive alcohol

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Adolescent Development
  • Substance Use Research

Background:

  • Alcohol expectancies, beliefs about alcohol's effects, influence adolescent substance use.
  • Understanding developmental shifts in these expectancies is crucial for prevention efforts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To measure changes in alcohol expectancies from childhood to adolescence.
  • To control for psychometric property variations in measurement instruments.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 4th and 9th graders (N=3,625) in South Dakota rated 23 alcohol outcome expectancies.
  • Confirmatory factor analysis was used to model expectancies and control for instrument psychometrics.

Main Results:

  • Older adolescents reported more positive alcohol expectancies (Alcohol Positivity).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Older adolescents perceived alcohol as having a greater impact (Alcohol Potency).
  • Significant differences in item interpretation existed between age groups.

    • Conclusions:

    • Adolescence is associated with a significant shift towards more positive and potent alcohol expectancies.
    • Developmental changes in perception, not just measurement artifacts, drive these shifts.
    • Findings inform targeted interventions for adolescent alcohol use prevention.