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Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale
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Drug use and breastfeeding

Kenneth F Ilett1, Judith H Kristensen

  • 1University of Western Australia, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, Crawley, 6009, Australia. kilett@receptor.pharm.uwa.edu.au

Expert Opinion on Drug Safety
|July 14, 2005
PubMed

Section 1 describes the benefits of breastfeeding to both mother and infant as well as the potential risks to the infant from maternal drug use. The extent of adverse drug-related events and the need for quality information on drug transfer is stated. Section 2 describes the physiology of lactation and the effects of drugs that stimulate or decrease milk production. Section 3 deals with transport mechanisms for drug passage into milk and factors that may modify the infant's exposure to drugs. The critical descriptors of 'absolute' and 'relative' infant dose are defined to give an objective measure of infant exposure to drugs in milk. Section 4 reviews new or commonly used drugs under the headings of analgesics and anti-inflammatory agents, neurological, endocrine, psychotropic and antihypertensive drugs. Section 5 concludes with an expert opinion of the drug industry and drug use in lactation, herbal preparations, the process of 'risk-benefit' analysis, minimising infant exposure, understanding drug-related adverse events and fostering good experimental design for drugs in lactation studies.

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