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Updated: Aug 17, 2026

Drug Repurposing Hypothesis Generation Using the "RE:fine Drugs" System
Published on: December 11, 2016
A pharmacogeneticist's look at drug effects and the drug development process: an overview
1Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, Toronto, M5S 1A8, Canada. w.kalow@utoronto.ca
Abstract:
This paper describes the functional roles of the closely related pharmacogenetic and pharmacogenomic sciences in medicine. Firstly, they provide means for a better understanding of the function of drugs, and particularly of the differences of drug action between individuals and also between racially categorised populations. Secondly, they are repeatedly used during the long process of new drug development; the developer needs several patient contacts. The development starts with target identification and ends with an official permission for medical use of a drug.
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Most drugs' effects result from their interactions with drug receptors or targets within the body. These interactions trigger specific responses at the cellular or systemic level. Drug receptors can be found on the surfaces of cells or within...
