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Calcification modelling in artificial heart valves.

A C Fisher1, G M Bernacca, T G Mackay

  • 1Bioengineering Unit, Strathclyde University, Glasgow, UK.

The International Journal of Artificial Organs
|May 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
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This study compared calcification in bovine pericardium and polyurethane biomaterials using various in vitro and in vivo tests. Bovine pericardium showed significantly higher calcification than polyurethane, indicating its potential limitations.

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Biocompatibility Studies
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Calcification is a major failure mode for cardiovascular biomaterials.
  • Understanding calcification mechanisms is crucial for developing durable medical devices.
  • Bovine pericardium and polyurethanes are commonly used cardiovascular implant materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate and compare the calcification potential of bovine pericardium and polyurethane biomaterials.
  • To assess various in vitro and in vivo testing methods for studying biomaterial calcification.
  • To establish a tiered testing protocol for screening biomaterial candidates.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized static and dynamic, in vitro and in vivo testing methodologies.
  • Analyzed calcium and phosphate depletion from calcifying solutions.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Performed histological staining and X-ray elemental analysis (SEM) for calcium and phosphorus distribution.

    • Main Results:

    • Bovine pericardium exhibited significantly greater calcification than polyurethane biomaterials across all tested conditions.
    • Polyurethane extracts demonstrated higher calcification than bulk polyurethanes.
    • The developed testing protocol effectively differentiated material responses to calcification.

    Conclusions:

    • Bovine pericardium is more prone to calcification than polyurethane biomaterials.
    • Polyurethane extracts may pose a higher calcification risk than the bulk material.
    • The tiered testing protocol offers an efficient method for assessing biomaterial calcification potential.