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Related Experiment Videos

Prefrontal and striatal activation during sequence learning in geriatric depression.

Howard J Aizenstein1, Meryl A Butters, Jennifer L Figurski

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA. aizen+@pitt.edu

Biological Psychiatry
|July 16, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Late-life depression is linked to frontostriatal dysfunction. Depressed elderly individuals showed altered brain activity in prefrontal and striatal regions, particularly with negative feedback.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Frontostriatal dysfunction is a leading hypothesis for neurocognitive changes in late-life depression.
  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) tasks engage prefrontal and neostriatal cognitive circuits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test the frontostriatal dysfunction hypothesis in late-life depression using fMRI.
  • To investigate neurocognitive differences in elderly individuals with and without depression.

Main Methods:

  • fMRI was used on 23 elderly subjects (11 depressed, 12 controls) performing a sequence learning task.
  • Region of interest (ROI) analyses focused on the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and neostriatum.

Main Results:

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  • Depressed subjects showed decreased prefrontal and increased striatal activation during explicit learning.
  • Increased striatal activity in depressed subjects occurred on trials violating the sequence (negative feedback).
  • No significant differences were found in the identified ROIs during implicit learning.

Conclusions:

  • Increased striatal activation to negative feedback suggests a heightened response in depressed elderly individuals.
  • Observed prefrontal and striatal differences support the frontostriatal dysfunction hypothesis of late-life depression.