A summary on the immunophenotyping of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in Thailand

Numerous immunophenotypic features have been examined for their potential prognostic significance in predicting treatment outcome in leukaemias. These include the immunophenotypic subgroups of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). However, only a few examples exist in developing Asian countries of the value of determining the immunologic characteristics of patients with ALL. The purpose of this study is to summarize the subtypes of ALL according to immunophenotypes recorded in previous reports in Thailand.A total of 263 documented cases were reviewed. Of these, 70, 42, 51, 10 and 90 patients had the phenotypes:- common, B, T, Null and Pre-B, respectively. The summative percentages for common, B, T, Null and Pre-B phenotypes are 26.6, 15.9, 19.4, 3.8 and 34.2%, respectively. According to this study, the three common phenotypes in general Thai ALL patients are Pre-B (34.2%), common (26.6%) and T (19.4%) phenotypes. After performing subtype analysis, the most common phenotypes among both adult and pediatric group is still Pre-B phenotype.