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Related Experiment Videos

Refractive error at birth and its relation to gestational age.

Sara Varughese1, Raji Mathew Varghese, Nidhi Gupta

  • 1Department of Paediatric Ophthalmology, Dr. Shroff's Charity Eye Hospital, Daryaganj, Delhi, India. puliyel@vsnl.com

Current Eye Research
|July 16, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Newborn refractive errors vary significantly with gestational age. Extremely preterm infants show myopia, while term infants are hypermetropic, establishing new refractive norms for neonates.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neonatology
  • Pediatric Optics

Background:

  • Refractive status in premature infants is not extensively documented.
  • Understanding refractive norms in newborns is crucial for early detection of visual impairments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish normative data for refractive errors in newborns across a spectrum of gestational ages.
  • To investigate the relationship between gestational age and refractive error at birth.

Main Methods:

  • Streak retinoscopy was performed on 1203 eyes within the first week of life.
  • Cycloplegia and mydriasis were induced using Tropicamide and phenylephrine.
  • Neonates were categorized into five gestational age groups (24–43 weeks).

Main Results:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Extremely preterm infants exhibited myopia (mean spherical equivalent [MSE] of -4.86 D).
  • MSE increased towards hypermetropia (+2.4 D at term) with advancing gestation.
  • High incidences of astigmatism (67.8%), anisometropia (31%), and specific astigmatism types were observed.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides the largest dataset on refractive errors at birth correlated with gestational age.
  • Findings offer critical insights into refractive error norms for preterm and term neonates.
  • Data aids in understanding visual development and potential interventions in early life.