Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 16, 2026

Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of Naïve CD4 T Lymphocytes
Published on: September 26, 2013
CTLA-4 and the genetic predisposition to autoimmunity
12nd Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia. dallostomas@yahoo.co.uk
Abstract:
Due to the wide spectrum of clinical manifestations and their epidemiological dimensions, autoimmune diseases represent an important medical issue. They are the consequence of the loss of immune tolerance to autoantigens, which in turn is a result of the interaction of environmental, as well as genetic factors. The predisposing role of HLA antigens is widely accepted; nonetheless, it does not fully explain the occurrence of autoimmune disorders. In this topical review, we present the current knowledge on the role of some non-HLA genes (ICOS, CD28 and CTLA-4 in particular) in the development of autoimmunity. (Fig. 1, Ref: 106.)
Related Concept Videos
Autoimmune Disorders
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune system...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease
Type I Diabetes I: Introduction
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
T Cell Types and Functions
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Pharmacogenetics of Drug Targets: β₂-Adrenergic Receptors, Apo E, Thymidylate Synthase

