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Related Experiment Videos

Calpain-10: from genome search to function.

Mark D Turner1, Paul G Cassell, Graham A Hitman

  • 1Centre for Diabetes and Metabolic Medicine, Institute of Cell and Molecular Science, Barts and The London Queen Mary's School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of London, London, E1 2AT United Kingdom. M.D.Turner@qmul.ac.uk

Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews
|July 20, 2005
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Calpain-10 (CAPN10) is linked to type 2 diabetes (T2D). Genetic variations in CAPN10 influence insulin resistance, secretion, and adipocyte function, suggesting its role in T2D pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets.

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Calpain-10 (CAPN10) was the first gene identified via genome scan associated with diabetes.
  • Subsequent studies have linked CAPN10 polymorphisms to type 2 diabetes (T2D), insulin action, and adipocyte biology, though findings vary.
  • Understanding CAPN10's role is enhanced by knowledge of the calpain family's structure and function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the association between CAPN10 variants and T2D and related phenotypes.
  • To elucidate the physiological functions of CAPN10 in insulin signaling, secretion, and adipocyte biology.
  • To discuss the potential of CAPN10 as a therapeutic target for T2D.

Main Methods:

  • Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and linkage analysis to identify CAPN10 variants.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Functional studies investigating CAPN10's role in insulin signaling pathways, GLUT4 translocation, and cytoskeleton reorganization.
  • Analysis of CAPN10's function in pancreatic beta-cells, including fuel sensing and insulin exocytosis.

    • Main Results:

    • Genetic data consistently implicates CAPN10 in insulin resistance and intermediate diabetes phenotypes.
    • Functional evidence suggests CAPN10 facilitates GLUT4 translocation and cytoskeletal reorganization in adipocytes.
    • CAPN10 plays a critical role in beta-cell function, impacting fuel sensing and insulin exocytosis.

    Conclusions:

    • Calpain-10 is a key molecule in insulin signaling and secretion, with diverse roles in adipocytes and beta-cells.
    • Multiple CAPN10 isoforms may contribute to its varied physiological actions.
    • CAPN10 represents a promising target for novel T2D therapeutic strategies.