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Updated: Aug 16, 2026

Quantification of Hypopigmentation Activity In Vitro
Published on: March 6, 2019
Review of skin-lightening agents
Marta I Rendon1, Jorge I Gaviria
1Department of Dermatology, Dermatology and Aesthetic Center, Boca Raton, Florida 33486, USA. jimibrain@yahoo.com
Background:
Multiple agents are available for the treatment of hyperpigmentation, a cosmetically important condition seen most often in middle-aged and elderly individuals and resulting from exposure to ultraviolet light, certain drugs or chemicals, or the existence of disease. Many skin-lightening agents cause skin irritation and require months of use before results appear, and some agents are only partly effective.
Objective:
To help dermatologists make an informed decision when choosing a depigmenting agent.
Methods:
A review of all depigmenting agents used alone and in combination, including its natural properties and information about safety, efficacy, and optimal dosing.
Conclusions:
The speed of efficacy and type and extent of side effects vary greatly among depigmenting agents. Knowing the properties associated with each agent enables a physician to choose a product that will best meet a patient's expectations and minimize adverse reactions.
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