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Phosphorus deficiency in a dairy herd.

H V Brooks1, T G Cook, G P Mansell

  • 1Palmerston North Animal Health Laboratory, PO Box 1654, Palmerston North.

New Zealand Veterinary Journal
|October 1, 1984
PubMed
Summary

Dairy cows suffered from phosphorus deficiency, leading to poor health and reproduction. Treatment improved some symptoms, but milk production remained low, highlighting the need for better pasture management and supplementation strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Animal Nutrition
  • Agricultural Science

Background:

  • Diagnosed phosphorus deficiency in a 90-cow dairy herd presenting with low milk yield, ill-thrift, infertility, and osteophagia.
  • Identified low serum inorganic phosphorus, low pasture phosphorus, high calcium:phosphorus ratios, and very low soil phosphorus with high phosphate retention (96%).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the cause and effects of phosphorus deficiency in a seasonal dairy herd.
  • To evaluate the impact of mineral deficiencies on dairy cow health and productivity.
  • To recommend management strategies for addressing phosphorus deficiency in dairy farming.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical examination and diagnosis of phosphorus deficiency in a dairy herd.
  • Analysis of serum inorganic phosphorus, pasture phosphorus, soil phosphorus, and soil phosphate retention.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Assessment of herd response to various treatments including bone flour, water trough supplementation, and phosphorus injections.
  • Main Results:

    • Phosphorus deficiency was linked to inadequate fertilizer application on high-retention soil, potentially exacerbated by lime application without phosphate.
    • Low sodium levels in pasture suggested co-existing sodium deficiency contributing to clinical signs.
    • Treatment induced ovarian activity and suppressed osteophagia, but did not improve milk production or overall cow condition.

    Conclusions:

    • Phosphorus deficiency may be prevalent in North Island dairy herds due to soil characteristics and historical fertilizer quality decline.
    • Recommendations include increased superphosphate, reduced potassium application, and monitoring of macro elements and serum phosphorus.
    • Sodium supplementation decisions should be based on pasture monitoring due to the lack of a direct animal test.