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Published on: May 18, 2015
Paraventricular nucleus, stress response, and cardiovascular disease
1Mayo Clinic, Dept. of Neurology, 811 Guggenheim Building, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. benarroch.eduardo@mayo.edu
Abstract:
The paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) is a complex effector structure that initiates endocrine and autonomic responses to stress. It receives inputs from visceral receptors, circulating hormones such as angiotensin II, and limbic circuits and contains neurons that release vasopressin, activate the adrenocortical axis, and activate preganglionic sympathetic or parasympathetic outflows. The neurochemical control of the different subgroups of PVN neurons is complex. The PVN has been implicated in the pathophysiology of congestive heart failure and the metabolic syndrome.
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