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Published on: January 25, 2014
Gravity signal transduction in primary roots
Robyn M Perrin1, Li-Sen Young, Narayana Murthy U M
1Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 425-G Henry Mall, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
Aims:
The molecular mechanisms that correlate with gravity perception and signal transduction in the tip of angiosperm primary roots are discussed.
Scope:
Gravity provides a cue for downward orientation of plant roots, allowing anchorage of the plant and uptake of the water and nutrients needed for growth and development. Root gravitropism involves a succession of physiological steps: gravity perception and signal transduction (mainly mediated by the columella cells of the root cap); signal transmission to the elongation zone; and curvature response. Interesting new insights into gravity perception and signal transduction within the root tip have accumulated recently by use of a wide range of experimental approaches in physiology, biochemistry, genetics, genomics, proteomics and cell biology. The data suggest a network of signal transduction pathways leading to a lateral redistribution of auxin across the root cap and a possible involvement of cytokinin in initial phases of gravicurvature.
Conclusion:
These new discoveries illustrate the complexity of a highly redundant gravity-signalling process in roots, and help to elucidate the global mechanisms that govern auxin transport and morphogenetic regulation in roots.
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