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Frontostriatal microstructure modulates efficient recruitment of cognitive control.

Conor Liston1, Richard Watts, Nim Tottenham

  • 1Sackler Institute for Developmental Psychobiology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, 1300 York Avenue, Box 140, New York, NY 10021, USA. col2004@med.cornell.edu

Cerebral Cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
|July 22, 2005
PubMed
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Frontostriatal connectivity, measured by diffusion tensor imaging, improves with age, enhancing cognitive control. This brain network

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience

Background:

  • Frontostriatal network activity is linked to cognitive control, but its connectivity is less understood.
  • Investigating frontostriatal connectivity is crucial for understanding developmental changes in inhibitory control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess frontostriatal connectivity using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in a developmental sample.
  • To examine the relationship between frontostriatal white matter integrity and performance on a go/no-go task.

Main Methods:

  • Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was used to measure white matter microstructure in frontostriatal tracts.
  • An automated fiber tracking algorithm delineated white matter pathways.
  • Participants (ages 7-31) completed a go/no-go task assessing response inhibition.

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Main Results:

  • White matter diffusion in frontostriatal tracts became more restricted with age, paralleling improved task performance.
  • Frontostriatal radial diffusivities predicted faster reaction times and greater accuracy, especially on high-demand trials.
  • These correlations were specific to frontostriatal tracts, not the corticospinal tract.

Conclusions:

  • Frontostriatal connectivity integrity is associated with developmental improvements in cognitive control.
  • This neural pathway contributes to individual differences in efficient cognitive control recruitment.