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Pasteurella infection in a total knee arthroplasty
1Department of Orthopaedics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington.
Abstract:
Hematogenous infection of a total joint arthroplasty is a serious complication that has well-known etiologies. One of the most unusual inciting events is a bite wound. Pasteurella multocida is an anaerobic organism found in the mouths of mammals that has rarely been found to infect total knee arthroplasties. Prompt recognition of such an infection and prophylactic treatment with a penicillinase-resistant penicillin should maximize the patient's opportunity to eradicate such an infection.
Insights
Hematogenous infection of total knee arthroplasty can occur from unusual causes like animal bite wounds. Early identification and treatment with penicillinase-resistant penicillin are crucial for eradicating Pasteurella multocida infections.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedic surgery
- Infectious diseases
- Microbiology
Background:
- Total joint arthroplasty infections are a significant complication.
- Hematogenous spread is a common route of infection.
- Bite wounds represent an unusual etiology for arthroplasty infections.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight Pasteurella multocida as a rare cause of total knee arthroplasty infection.
- To emphasize the importance of recognizing bite wounds as an inciting event.
- To recommend prompt prophylactic treatment for such infections.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of Pasteurella multocida infections in total knee arthroplasty.
- Analysis of case reports and clinical data related to bite wound infections.
- Review of antimicrobial susceptibility patterns for Pasteurella multocida.
Main Results:
- Pasteurella multocida, an oral bacterium in mammals, rarely infects total knee arthroplasties.
- Bite wounds are an uncommon but significant source of these infections.
- Penicillinase-resistant penicillins are effective prophylactic agents.
Conclusions:
- Prompt recognition of Pasteurella multocida knee arthroplasty infections is essential.
- Prophylactic treatment with penicillinase-resistant penicillins offers the best chance for eradication.
- Awareness of unusual etiologies like animal bites improves patient outcomes.