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Related Experiment Videos

Response interference and working memory in 12-year-old children.

John F Stins1, J C Tinca Polderman, Dorret I Boomsma

  • 1Vrije Universiteit , Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Child Neuropsychology : a Journal on Normal and Abnormal Development in Childhood and Adolescence
|July 23, 2005
PubMed
Summary

This study found that while speed and accuracy varied similarly across response interference tasks in children, only Stroop interference correlated with working memory. This may offer insights into attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Response interference tasks are crucial for assessing executive functions.
  • Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with difficulties in cognitive control and response inhibition.
  • Understanding individual differences in response interference is key to clarifying cognitive profiles in children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate individual differences in performance and interference effects across three distinct response interference tasks.
  • To examine the relationship between performance on these tasks and working memory capacity.
  • To explore potential links between response interference patterns and the cognitive characteristics of ADHD.

Main Methods:

  • Sixty-nine 12-year-old children completed the Stroop task, Eriksen flanker task, and Simon task.

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  • Accuracy and reaction time were measured for each task.
  • Working memory capacity was assessed using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised (WISC-R).

    • Main Results:

    • Individual differences in accuracy and speed showed correlations across the Stroop, flanker, and Simon tasks.
    • No significant correlation was found between the interference effects of the three tasks.
    • Stroop interference uniquely correlated with working memory capacity, unlike the flanker or Simon effects.

    Conclusions:

    • The findings suggest that different response interference tasks may tap into distinct cognitive processes.
    • Stroop task performance, specifically interference, appears more closely linked to working memory in children.
    • These results contribute to a nuanced understanding of cognitive control deficits relevant to ADHD.