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The maillard reaction for sunlight protection.

Ramon M Fusaro1, Edwin G Rice

  • 1Dept. of Internal Medicine, 984360 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-4360, USA. rfusaro@unmc.edu

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|July 23, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Sequential topical application of dihydroxyacetone (DHA) and naphthoquinone significantly enhances UVB photoprotection for photosensitive patients. This combination provides a sun protection factor (SPF) of 18+, a sixfold increase over DHA alone.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Photobiology
  • Cosmetic Science

Background:

  • Photosensitive individuals require effective sun protection strategies.
  • Topical dihydroxyacetone (DHA) alone offers limited sun protection factor (SPF).
  • The Maillard reaction between DHA and skin proteins produces melanoidins, which may have photoprotective properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the photoprotective efficacy of sequential topical application of DHA followed by naphthoquinone.
  • To determine the sun protection factor (SPF) achieved with this combined treatment.
  • To assess the safety and tolerability of the treatment in photosensitive patients.

Main Methods:

  • A seven-month clinical trial involving 30 UVA/B/Soret band-photosensitive patients.

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  • Sequential topical application of DHA followed by naphthoquinone at bedtime.
  • Monitoring for therapeutic failures, patient dropout, and adverse events.
  • Reanalysis of clinical data to determine UVB photoprotection levels.

    • Main Results:

    • All 30 patients achieved excellent photoprotection with no treatment failures or dropouts.
    • Eighteen patients extended their sun exposure tolerance to 6-8 hours of midday sun.
    • Reanalysis indicated a minimal UVB photoprotection of SPF 18 or more.
    • This represents at least a sixfold amplification of UVB photoprotective effect compared to DHA alone.

    Conclusions:

    • Sequential topical application of DHA and naphthoquinone provides significant and safe photoprotection for photosensitive individuals.
    • The combination therapy markedly enhances UVB protection, achieving an SPF of 18+.
    • This treatment strategy offers a substantial improvement over using DHA alone for managing photosensitivity.