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Radiologic and pathologic features of bronchiolitis.

Sudhakar J Pipavath1, David A Lynch, Carlyne Cool

  • 1Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.

AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology
|July 23, 2005
PubMed
Summary

This article details the clinical and imaging findings of inflammatory and fibrotic bronchiolitis. Recognizing typical CT features aids in diagnosing these distinct but sometimes overlapping lung conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Radiology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Bronchiolitis encompasses inflammatory and fibrotic conditions affecting the small airways.
  • Accurate differentiation is crucial for appropriate patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe and illustrate the clinical, pathological, and imaging features of inflammatory and fibrotic bronchiolitis.
  • To highlight typical computed tomography (CT) findings for each entity.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical presentations.
  • Pathologic specimen analysis.
  • High-resolution CT imaging interpretation.

Main Results:

  • Direct CT signs of bronchiolitis include centrilobular nodules and the tree-in-bud pattern.

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  • Indirect signs include mosaic attenuation and air trapping.
  • Significant overlap in imaging appearances can occur between entities.

    • Conclusions:

    • Distinguishing between inflammatory and fibrotic bronchiolitis based solely on imaging may not always be definitive.
    • Clinical information is essential for narrowing the differential diagnosis when CT features overlap.
    • Understanding typical and overlapping features improves diagnostic accuracy.