Testicular granulocytic sarcoma without systemic leukemia

This case report describes a unilateral testicular granulocytic sarcoma or chloroma. Because of the relatively immature nature of the tumor cells, the histological diagnosis can be difficult. Granulocytic sarcomas are well known in patients with systemic leukemia and can sometimes precede a systemic leukemic outcome. A solitary granulocytic sarcoma not followed by a hematological proliferation of the myelocytic stem cells is very rare. No prognostic factors that are able to predict a systemic outcome are known. Therefore, in this case with no signs of systemic disease, we adopted a wait-and-see policy after radical orchidectomy. Up to now, after a follow-up period of 7 years, the patient is still free of disease. Diagnosis and therapy of this urologic disease are discussed and the literature is reviewed.