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Gender and age related differences in left ventricular function and geometry with focus on the long axis
Bente Grüner Sveälv1, Gunilla Fritzon, Bert Andersson
1Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular Research, Cardiovascular Institute, The Sahlgrenska Academy at Göteborg University, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, S-413 45 Göteborg, Sweden.
Summary
Left ventricular (LV) long axis function declines with age, while gender differences are more evident in short axis dimensions. These findings highlight age and sex-specific changes in cardiac remodeling.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Physiology
- Echocardiography
- Geriatric Cardiology
Background:
- Understanding age and gender influences on cardiac function is crucial for accurate assessment.
- Left ventricular (LV) function can be evaluated through long and short axis parameters.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate age- and gender-related changes in left ventricular (LV) long axis function.
- To compare alterations in LV long axis versus short axis function across different age groups and genders.
Main Methods:
- Echocardiographic M-mode and 2D techniques were used to assess LV function and dimensions.
- Eighty-two healthy individuals were stratified into three age groups for analysis.
Main Results:
- Age significantly impacted LV long axis function, with decreased systolic and diastolic velocities.
- Long axis length decreased with age, but relative contraction amplitude remained constant.
- Gender differences were noted in LV dimensions, with males generally larger; females showed more age-related remodeling.
Conclusions:
- Age-related functional changes in the left ventricle are more pronounced in the long axis.
- Gender-based differences in LV function are more apparent in short axis and volume measurements.
- Recognizing these age- and gender-specific remodeling patterns is vital for clinical evaluation.