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Analytical toxicology: guidelines for sample collection postmortem.

Robert J Flanagan1, Geraldine Connally, Julie M Evans

  • 1Medical Toxicology Unit, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. robert.flanagan@gstt.nhs.uk

Toxicological Reviews
|July 27, 2005
PubMed
Summary
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Accurate analytical toxicology results depend on proper specimen integrity. Guidelines cover postmortem sample collection, transport, and storage, emphasizing chain-of-custody for reliable forensic analysis.

Area of Science:

  • Forensic Toxicology
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Medical Examination

Background:

  • The accuracy of toxicological analysis hinges on the quality and integrity of biological specimens.
  • Postmortem examinations require meticulous sample handling to ensure reliable results.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide comprehensive guidelines for the collection, labelling, transport, and storage of biological specimens for toxicological analysis.
  • To emphasize critical procedures for postmortem sample collection to maintain specimen integrity.

Main Methods:

  • Collection of blood from two distinct peripheral venous sites (e.g., femoral veins).
  • Acquisition of urine, vitreous humor, stomach contents, and liver tissue.
  • Use of preservatives like sodium fluoride and appropriate headspace in liquid samples.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Consideration of hair/nail collection for chronic exposure assessment.
  • Implementation of chain-of-custody procedures and provision of detailed case history.

    • Main Results:

    • Established protocols for collecting multiple specimen types, including blood, urine, vitreous humor, stomach contents, liver, and hair/nails.
    • Recommended specific preservatives and storage conditions to maintain sample integrity.
    • Highlighted the importance of minimizing cross-contamination, especially with volatile substances.
    • Stressed the necessity of detailed clinical history and chain-of-custody for accurate interpretation.

    Conclusions:

    • Adherence to standardized collection, handling, and documentation procedures is crucial for reliable analytical toxicology results.
    • Proper specimen management, particularly in postmortem cases, directly impacts the validity and utility of toxicological findings.
    • Comprehensive case information and strict chain-of-custody protocols enhance the diagnostic and legal value of toxicological analyses.