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Updated: Aug 13, 2026

Synthesis of Wavelength-shifting DNA Hybridization Probes by Using Photostable Cyanine Dyes
Published on: July 6, 2016
Synthesis of gamma-substituted peptide nucleic acids: a new place to attach fluorophores without affecting DNA
Ethan A Englund1, Daniel H Appella
1Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Abstract:
Molecular beacon strategies using PNA are currently restricted to fluorophore attachment to the ends of the PNA. We report the synthesis of PNA oligomers wherein fluorophores can be attached to the PNA backbone from novel gamma-lysine PNA monomers. Oligomers incorporating the modified PNA showed comparable thermal stability to the corresponding aegPNA oligomer with DNA. When the modified PNA oligomer was annealed with complementary DNA, the fluorescence intensity increased 4-fold over the unbound PNA. [structure: see text]
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