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Myeloid sarcoma of appendix mimicking acute appendicitis
Eugenio Americo Palomino-Portilla1, Jose R Valbuena, Maria del Pilar Quinones-Avila
1Department of Pathology, Edgardo Rebagliati Hospital, Lima, Peru.
Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine
|July 29, 2005
Summary
Myeloid sarcoma rarely involves the appendix, mimicking appendicitis. Diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion and specialized stains for immature myeloid cells.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Pathology
Background:
- Myeloid sarcoma is a rare extramedullary tumor of immature myeloid cells.
- Appendiceal involvement is uncommon, often presenting with symptoms similar to acute appendicitis.
Observation:
- Two cases of myeloid sarcoma involving the appendix are presented.
- Patients experienced right lower quadrant pain, leading to appendectomy.
Findings:
- Case 1 had concurrent acute myeloid leukemia; Case 2 had a history of treated acute myeloid leukemia.
- Histologic examination revealed poorly differentiated myeloid sarcoma, positive for myeloid markers (CD43, myeloperoxidase, lysozyme, chloroacetate esterase) and negative for lymphoid markers (CD3, CD20).
Implications:
- Appendiceal myeloid sarcoma can mimic acute appendicitis, necessitating a high index of suspicion.
- Cytochemical and immunohistochemical studies are crucial for accurate diagnosis in suspected cases.