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Speciation through competition: a critical review.

Jitka Polechová1, Nicholas H Barton

  • 1School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, United Kingdom. polejit@natur.cuni.cz

Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution
|July 30, 2005
PubMed
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Speciation in asexual populations is not easily driven by resource competition alone. Disruptive selection for discrete phenotypes requires additional factors like limited phenotypic range or edge effects.

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Population Genetics

Background:

  • Previous models suggested sympatric and parapatric speciation occur readily.
  • These models often assumed high genetic variance and mutation rates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine speciation causes in asexual populations under sympatry and parapatry.
  • To provide alternative explanations for speciation patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of sympatric clonal and sexual population models.
  • Application of Bulmer's infinitesimal model for sexually reproducing populations.

Main Results:

  • Sympatric clonal models show transient disruptive selection.
  • Cost-free assortment can drive speciation in sexual populations, with disruptive selection arising from limited phenotypic range.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Parapatric speciation is driven by edge effects, not frequency-dependent competition.

    • Conclusions:

    • Theoretical models do not support resource competition as a primary driver of sympatric speciation.
    • Nontransient disruptive selection or edge effects are crucial for stable speciation patterns.