Systemic xanthomatosis associated with hyperchylomicronaemia in a cat

Area of Science:

• Veterinary Pathology
• Comparative Pathology
• Feline Medicine

Background:

• Systemic xanthomatosis is a rare metabolic disorder characterized by the deposition of lipids in tissues.
• Feline xanthomatosis, particularly systemic forms, is infrequently reported in veterinary literature.
• Understanding the clinical and pathological spectrum of xanthomatosis in cats is crucial for diagnosis and management.

Observation:

• A 4-month-old domestic cat presented with multiple cutaneous lesions and unusual 'cream tomato soup' colored blood.
• Post-mortem examination revealed numerous whitish, nodular lesions consistent with xanthomas on multiple abdominal organs, including the liver, spleen, kidneys, adrenal glands, mesentery, and colon.
• Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of systemic xanthomatosis.

Findings:

• The case represents the first documented occurrence of granulomatous colitis associated with systemic xanthomatosis in a feline patient.
• The findings highlight the potential for widespread organ involvement in feline xanthomatosis.
• Histopathology confirmed the presence of lipid-laden macrophages, characteristic of xanthomas.

Implications:

• This report expands the understanding of feline xanthomatosis, emphasizing its potential systemic impact.
• The association with granulomatous colitis suggests a potential inflammatory component or secondary complication of xanthomatosis.
• Further research into the etiology and pathogenesis of feline xanthomatosis is warranted to improve diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.