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Increased low-density lipoprotein susceptibility to oxidation in pregnancies and fetal growth restriction

Isabel Sánchez-Vera1, Bartolomé Bonet, Marta Viana

  • 1School of Medicine, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, Madrid, Spain.

Obstetrics and Gynecology
|August 2, 2005
PubMed

Insights

Fetal growth restriction (FGR) increases low-density lipoprotein (LDL) susceptibility to oxidation, potentially damaging the placenta and affecting fetal weight. This oxidative stress is linked to reduced placental hormone secretion in FGR pregnancies.

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Perinatal Medicine

Background:

  • Pregnancies with fetal growth restriction (FGR) exhibit placental alterations like atherosis and infarction.
  • Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation is implicated in atherosclerosis pathogenesis.
  • The role of LDL oxidation in FGR-related placental changes requires investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess LDL susceptibility to oxidation in pregnancies complicated by FGR.
  • To examine the relationship between LDL oxidation, fetal growth, and placental hormone secretion in FGR.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cohort study involving 55 women with FGR and 50 controls.
  • Blood samples collected at 15, 24, and 32 weeks of gestation.
  • LDL oxidation assessed via lag phase measurement; cholesterol, triglycerides, vitamin E, estradiol, progesterone, and placental lactogen quantified.

Main Results:

  • Women with FGR showed increased LDL susceptibility to oxidation in the second and third trimesters compared to controls.
  • Third-trimester FGR pregnancies had lower estradiol, progesterone, and placental lactogen levels.
  • A positive correlation was observed between LDL oxidation lag phase and birth weight/estradiol levels in the third trimester.

Conclusions:

  • Fetal growth restriction is associated with heightened LDL susceptibility to oxidation.
  • Increased LDL oxidation may contribute to placental dysfunction, altered endocrine function, and reduced fetal weight in FGR.
Abstract

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