Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Dynamic Equilibrium

Dynamic Equilibrium

A reversible chemical reaction represents a chemical process that proceeds in both forward (left to right) and reverse (right to left) directions. When the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal, the concentrations of the reactant and product species remain constant over time and the system is at equilibrium. A special double arrow is used to emphasize the reversible nature of the reaction. The relative concentrations of reactants and products in equilibrium systems vary greatly;...

First Derivative Test: Problem Solving

First Derivative Test: Problem Solving

Imagine an asset price that crashes to a low point, rebounds sharply as bargain-hunters step in, and then gradually declines. Such behavior can be modeled with a smooth function whose turning points represent locally overvalued and undervalued regions. A convenient example that captures rebound followed by decay is:The high and low points of this curve are identified using the first derivative test, which determines where the function changes from increasing to decreasing or vice versa. To...

Application of Differentiation to Business

Application of Differentiation to Business

Calculus offers essential techniques for businesses seeking to optimize pricing strategies and revenue. In this case, a bakery wants to determine the ideal price and daily sales volume to maximize revenue. By modeling how changes in price affect demand and revenue, the bakery can apply calculus to make data-driven decisions.The demand function relates the price per cupcake to the number of cupcakes sold and captures how lower prices increase sales. Based on market data, the demand function can...

Equity Theory

Equity Theory

Equity theory explains how our sense of fairness influences the dynamics of close relationships. Rooted in social psychology, the theory posits that individuals evaluate fairness by comparing the ratio of their contributions to the rewards they receive. Relationship satisfaction is highest when these ratios are perceived as balanced between partners, promoting mutual reciprocity and a sense of justice.Equity vs. Equality in RelationshipsEquity is distinct from equality. Fairness does not...

Methods of Medium Optimization

Methods of Medium Optimization

Optimizing growth media enhances microbial proliferation and maximizes product yield. Statistical experimental design methodologies provide structured and reproducible approaches, offering progressively higher levels of robustness and efficiency.The One-Factor-at-a-Time (OFAT) MethodThe One-Factor-at-a-Time (OFAT) method involves adjusting a single variable while keeping all others constant. However, it cannot detect interactions between variables, often leading to suboptimal outcomes when...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same journal

Doctored data sets could trick AI agents.

Nature·2026

Same journal

How naked mole-rat queens stop rivals reproducing.

Nature·2026

Same journal

'Holy grail' of naked mole-rat research reveals how queens rule.

Nature·2026

Same journal

How to end poverty and protect Earth: inside the debate tearing up economics.

Nature·2026

Same journal

Daily briefing: Can regrowing the thymus slow down ageing?

Nature·2026

Same journal

Biologists pinpoint how common virus triggers multiple sclerosis.

Nature·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 20, 2026

New Variations for Strategy Set-shifting in the Rat

New Variations for Strategy Set-shifting in the Rat

Published on: January 23, 2017

MIRVs and the strategic balance.

¹Department of International Relations, Australian National University, Canberra.

|May 2, 1970

Summary

The United States and Soviet Union can upgrade missile launchers to multiple warheads without upsetting the nuclear balance. This quantitative analysis suggests strategic stability is maintained despite technological advancements in missile technology.

Area of Science:

Strategic Studies
Nuclear Deterrence Theory
International Security

Background:

The Cold War era saw a focus on nuclear balance and strategic stability between superpowers.
Advancements in missile technology, such as multiple independently targetable re-entry vehicles (MIRVs), raised concerns about escalating nuclear arsenals.
Previous analyses often assumed a destabilizing effect of MIRV deployment.

Purpose of the Study:

To quantitatively assess the impact of replacing single-warhead missile launchers with MIRVs on the nuclear balance.
To determine if such a technological shift would inherently destabilize the strategic equilibrium between nuclear powers.
To provide a data-driven perspective on missile modernization and its implications for global security.

Main Methods:

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 20, 2026

New Variations for Strategy Set-shifting in the Rat

New Variations for Strategy Set-shifting in the Rat

Published on: January 23, 2017

A quantitative treatment employing game theory and strategic modeling.
Analysis of nuclear force structures and warhead counts for the United States and the Soviet Union.
Simulation of scenarios involving the deployment of multiple independently targetable re-entry vehicles (MIRVs).

Main Results:

The study's quantitative treatment indicates that the nuclear balance is not necessarily destabilized by the adoption of MIRVs.
Replacing single-warhead launchers with MIRVs can be accommodated within existing strategic stability frameworks.
The findings suggest that technological upgrades do not automatically lead to a loss of strategic equilibrium.

Conclusions:

The modernization of missile arsenals with MIRVs does not inherently threaten nuclear balance.
Strategic stability can be maintained even with significant technological advancements in nuclear delivery systems.
Policy decisions regarding missile deployment should consider quantitative assessments rather than assuming inherent destabilization.