Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 16, 2026

Intrarenal Injection of Escherichia coli in a Rat Model of Pyelonephritis
06:09

Intrarenal Injection of Escherichia coli in a Rat Model of Pyelonephritis

Published on: July 18, 2017

[Rare causes of interstitial nephritis in two children]

Anna Kamińska1, Maria Roszkowska-Blaim, Jolanta Weglarska

  • 1Z Katedry i Kliniki Pediatrii i Nefrologii, Akademii Medycznej w Warszawie.

Wiadomosci Lekarskie (Warsaw, Poland : 1960)
|August 3, 2005
PubMed

Insights

This study highlights rare causes of interstitial nephritis (IN) in children, including cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and inhaled factors. Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for managing this kidney condition.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Renal Pathology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Interstitial nephritis (IN) is a kidney disease with diverse causes, including infections, drugs, and toxins.
  • Understanding rare etiologies of IN in pediatric patients is essential for accurate diagnosis and management.

Observation:

  • A 15-year-old girl presented with biopsy-proven IN, tubulopathy, and symptoms suggestive of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection.
  • A 12.5-year-old boy exhibited acute renal failure (ARF) and acute IN, with inhaled factors suspected as the cause.

Findings:

  • Kidney biopsy in the first patient confirmed IN with positive CMV antigen in tubular epithelial cells, correlating with seroconversion.
  • The second patient's biopsy showed acute IN with tubulopathy and significant renal tissue involvement, linked to suspected inhaled factors.

Implications:

  • Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and exposure to inhaled substances represent uncommon but significant causes of interstitial nephritis in children.
  • This case series underscores the importance of considering rare etiologies in pediatric IN and ARF for timely and effective treatment.
Abstract

More Related Videos

Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction Model for Investigating Kidney Interstitial Fibrosis04:37

Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction Model for Investigating Kidney Interstitial Fibrosis

Published on: April 25, 2025

Related Concept Videos

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction01:27

Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction

Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the renal parenchyma and collecting system, including the renal pelvis, tubules, and interstitial tissue of one or both kidneys. It can be classified as either acute—a sudden, severe infection—or chronic, which refers to long-term or recurrent kidney infections.The primary cause of acute pyelonephritis (APN) is bacterial infection, with Escherichia coli accounting for approximately 70-80% of cases. Other bacteria, such as Proteus,...
Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:28

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...
Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure01:26

Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure

Preoperative ManagementThe primary goals of preoperative management in kidney transplantation are to optimize the patient’s metabolic state and prepare them for surgery through diet adjustments, necessary dialysis, and tailored medical treatment. This phase also involves comprehensive infection screening and patient education about the surgical procedure and postoperative care to improve outcomes and adherence.Medical ManagementA comprehensive evaluation is required for both the living donor...
Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology01:25

Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of urinary tract infections (UTIs) encompasses several progressive stages, beginning with bacterial colonization and culminating in potential systemic complications if untreated. UTIs are primarily initiated by bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, which often originate from the gastrointestinal tract and migrate to the urinary system through the periurethral area. This migration can occur via several routes, including improper hygiene practices, sexual activity, or...