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Related Experiment Videos

Acute renal dysfunction in acetaminophen poisoning.

Girish Mour1, Donald A Feinfeld, Thomas Caraccio

  • 1Department of Medicine, Nassau University Medical Center, 2201 Hempstead Turnpike, East Meadow, NY 11554, USA

Renal Failure
|August 3, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Acute kidney injury is common in acetaminophen overdose, independent of liver damage. N-acetylcysteine treatment did not worsen kidney injury in acetaminophen poisoning patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Toxicology
  • Nephrology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose commonly causes liver injury.
  • APAP-associated kidney injury is infrequently reported, often as single cases.
  • Concerns exist regarding N-acetylcysteine (NAC) potentially harming kidneys during APAP overdose treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence and outcomes of acute kidney dysfunction in APAP overdose patients.
  • To investigate the relationship between liver injury severity and renal involvement.
  • To assess the safety of NAC in APAP-induced nephrotoxicity.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of patients hospitalized for APAP overdose.
  • Evaluation of renal function markers (azotemia, serum creatinine) and liver function tests (AST).

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  • Comparison of outcomes in patients receiving NAC versus those who did not.

    • Main Results:

    • Nine out of eleven APAP-poisoned patients with elevated liver function tests also had azotemia.
    • Acute renal injury occurred in 9 patients; 2 died, and 7 recovered within 2-7 days.
    • NAC therapy in 6 patients with renal dysfunction was associated with improved serum creatinine levels.

    Conclusions:

    • Acute kidney injury is a frequent complication of APAP overdose.
    • Renal involvement in APAP poisoning appears independent of the degree of liver injury.
    • NAC treatment did not demonstrate worsening nephrotoxicity and may be beneficial.