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Treatment response and drug resistance in patients infected with HIV type 1 group O viruses

Berta Rodes1, Carmen de Mendoza, Mette Rodgers

  • 1Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Carlos III, 28035 Madrid, Spain.

AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses
|August 3, 2005
PubMed

Insights

Antiretroviral therapy with two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors and a protease inhibitor can achieve sustained viral suppression in HIV-1 group O. Drug resistance mutations in HIV-1 group O emerge similarly to HIV-1 group M.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Limited data exists on antiretroviral drug efficacy and resistance in HIV-1 group O strains.
  • Understanding in vivo virus evolution is crucial for managing HIV-1 group O infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the clinical, immunological, and virological response to antiretroviral therapy (ART) in HIV-1 group O patients.
  • To investigate the selection of drug resistance mutations during ART in HIV-1 group O.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of six HIV-1 group O-infected patients receiving ART.
  • Monitoring of plasma HIV-1 RNA, CD4 counts, and drug resistance mutations.

Main Results:

  • Four out of six patients achieved undetectable viremia with ART (two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors plus one protease inhibitor).
  • Viral rebound occurred in some patients due to poor compliance or other factors.
  • Baseline HIV-1 group O viruses showed pre-existing mutations associated with non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor resistance.
  • Two patients failing therapy developed specific resistance mutations in reverse transcriptase and protease genes.

Conclusions:

  • Sustained viral suppression is achievable in HIV-1 group O with standard ART regimens (two NRTI + boosted PI).
  • Drug resistance mutations in HIV-1 group O appear to be selected at positions similar to HIV-1 group M.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate resistance patterns and optimize treatment for HIV-1 group O.

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